Apparatus for on-demand beverage carbonation

ABSTRACT

A beverage carbonation apparatus having a spring loaded bottle mounting mechanism to catch and hold an upright bottle when inserted therein and form an operative seal for carbonation, the bottle mounting mechanism being pivotable to release the bottle and reset the loading spring.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of PCT application PCT/AU2021/050189, filed on Mar. 5, 2021, which claims the benefit of priority to Australian Patent Application No. 2020904272 filed on Nov. 19, 2020, Aus. Pat. App. No. 2020904270 filed on Nov. 19, 2020 and Aus. Pat. App. No. 2020900666, filed on Mar. 5, 2020. The entirety of each of these applications is incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

This invention relates to apparatus for on-demand beverage carbonation.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to apparatus for carbonating a beverage by loading the liquid with a pressurized gas. Such carbonating devices are increasingly used to mix tap water or so-called still water with carbon dioxide (and optionally flavouring additives) to create carbonated beverages on-demand, in the home for instance.

Producing carbonated water (including flavourings or otherwise) typically involves introducing a dose of carbon dioxide gas, under significant pressure, into the water while contained in a vessel such as a bottle. The solubility of carbon dioxide in water is relatively high and increases linearly with the pressure as the pressure rises at room temperature at low pressures up to approximately 10 bar. Thus at room temperature and approximately 4 bar pressure, roughly 4 standard litres of CO₂ gas can dissolve in one litre of water (a standard litre represents a gas volume of 1000 cm³ under standard temperature and pressure conditions).

To facilitate the carbon dioxide gas dissolving in the water, the pressurized gas is typically injected into the water while the vessel is otherwise sealed. To accomplish this requires connecting the open mouth of the vessel to the carbonating apparatus in a manner that forms a reliable seal, introducing the gas under pressure into the water in the vessel, and then breaking the sealed connection so the vessel can be removed from the apparatus. In the context of a home-use carbonating apparatus there are challenges involved in providing a mechanism that enables the vessel to coupled and uncoupled from the machine in a manner that is convenient for the user to perform any required actions and that also accomplishes the necessary physical arrangements for safe and effective operation. Of particular concern is the safety and security of the, presumably unskilled, user of the apparatus given that high gas pressures are at play.

A large number of carbonating devices are now available on the market. Despite the many undisputed advantages of such carbonating devices, the customary carbonating devices nevertheless have a whole range of disadvantages. Simple to operate and simplicity of construction appear to be competing concerns.

Accordingly, it is desirable that a home-use beverage carbonation apparatus be simple and safe to operate by an unskilled user. Moreover, it is desirable that the apparatus itself be simple and robust with relatively few moving parts for ease of manufacture and low cost.

With the foregoing in mind, embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a beverage carbonation apparatus suitable for home use that is convenient and safe to operate while employing a relatively simple and robust mechanism.

SUMMARY

In accordance with the present invention there is provided a beverage carbonation apparatus having a spring loaded bottle mounting mechanism to catch an upright bottle when inserted therein and form an operative seal for carbonation, the bottle mounting mechanism being pivotable to release the bottle and reset the loading spring.

The mounting mechanism preferably includes a catching device arranged around a bottle mouth seal, the catching device having catch legs adapted to catch underneath a flange of the upright bottle. The mounting mechanism may also include a collar arranged around the catching device and mounted for slideable movement relative to the catching device. In embodiments, the collar acts upon the catching device and is moveable between a first position in which the catch legs of the catching device are open to receive the bottle, and a second position in which the catch legs are fastened underneath the bottle flange, in use.

In embodiments, the loading spring comprises at least one collar spring acting on the collar to bias the collar toward the first position. The bottle mounting mechanism may include at least one latch pin engageable with the collar, wherein insertion of the mouth of the upright bottle toward the seal causes the latch pin to release the collar for movement to the second position by action of the at least one collar spring.

In a preferred form the catching device includes a plurality of downwardly extending catch legs arranged around the bottle flange, in use. Each of the catch legs may have an inward projection adapted to extend underneath the bottle flange, the catch leg projections being held underneath the bottle flange to maintain the operative seal and prevent removal of the bottle while the collar is in the second position.

The catch legs may comprise a plurality of pulling catches and a plurality of holding catches, the pulling catches and holding catches having differently shaped projections, wherein the pulling catches are adapted to engage with the bottle flange and pull the bottle toward the seal during movement of the collar from the first position to the second position. In one particular form, each of the catch legs is connected to the catching device by a flexible leg portion resiliently biased outwardly.

In an embodiment of the beverage carbonation apparatus the mounting mechanism includes a connection housing that supports the bottle mouth seal, catching device and collar, the connection housing being pivotally mounted to a chassis of the apparatus. The collar has a loading spring reset projection that engages with a surface fixed in relation to the chassis to drive the collar from the second position toward the first position when the bottle mounting mechanism is pivoted relative to the chassis. When the bottle mounting mechanism is, in use, pivoted from an upright orientation to a first tilt angle and then reduced to a second tilt angle, the latch pin is allowed to reengage with the collar to hold the collar in its first position. Thus, tilting of the bottle and mounting mechanism effects release of the bottle from the mechanism for removal by the user.

In embodiments the beverage carbonation apparatus also includes a valve assembly supported by the chassis, the valve assembly including pressurised gas release and relief valves. The valve assembly may include a pressure relief valve having a plunger that extends under pressure, the relief valve plunger being arranged prevent the bottle mounting mechanism being pivoted to release the bottle while the plunger is extended. The valve assembly may also include a user operable gas release mechanism to, in use, release pressurised gas into the bottle, the gas release mechanism being coupled to a normally open bung valve such that the bung valve is forced closed only when gas release mechanism is operated by the user.

In accordance with the present invention there is also provided a mechanism for mounting a bottle to a pressurised gas carbonation system, comprising a catching device arranged around a bottle mouth seal; a fastening collar arranged around the catching device and slidably moveable relative to the catching device; and a latch pin engageable with the collar; wherein insertion of the mouth of an upright bottle toward the seal causes the latch pin to release the fastening collar for movement relative to the catching device.

In an on-demand beverage carbonating system, the invention provides apparatus for mounting and demounting a beverage container in relation to a sealing arrangement, the apparatus having a spring loaded beverage container mounting mechanism to catch a flange of the container when inserted upright therein and form an operative seal for carbonation, the mounting mechanism being pivotable to release the beverage container and reset the loading spring.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further disclosure, objects, advantages and aspects of the present invention may be better understood by those skilled in the relevant art by reference to the following description of preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of illustration only and thus not limitative of the present invention, and in which:

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a carbonation apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 2A-2H illustrate use of the carbonation apparatus of FIG. 1 , step-by-step;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a carbonating system of the apparatus;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a bottle interface assembly;

FIGS. 5 and 6 are front perspective views of the carbonating system, showing the bottle interface assembly in upright and tilted orientations, respectively;

FIG. 7 shows a catch ring component of the bottle interface assembly, seen in perspective view;

FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view through the carbonation system illustrating a first aspect of a bottle retention mechanism;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged front cross-sectional view of a sprung plunger component from FIG. 8 , seen from an angle;

FIGS. 10A-10D are front cross-sectional views similar to FIG. 8 , showing insertion of a bottle neck step-by-step;

FIGS. 11A and 11B show the catch ring component disengaged and engaged with a bottle, respectively;

FIG. 12 illustrates the bottle interface assembly engaged with a bottle;

FIGS. 13-16 show features of the catch ring component;

FIGS. 17A and 17B are front cross-sectional views illustrating action to pull the bottle neck into an engaged position;

FIGS. 18A and 18B are front cross-sectional views illustrating action to hold the bottle neck in an engaged position;

FIG. 19 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating the bottle retention mechanism;

FIGS. 20 and 21 are front perspective and side views, respectively, of the bottle interface assembly illustrating features for releasing the bottle;

FIGS. 22A-22C are front perspective views of the bottle interface assembly illustrating step-by-step operation of features for releasing the bottle;

FIGS. 23A-23C are side views of the bottle interface assembly illustrating step-by-step operation of features for releasing the bottle;

FIGS. 24A and 24B are side views of the bottle interface assembly illustrating detail of features for releasing the bottle;

FIG. 25 is a front cross-sectional view of the bottle interface assembly illustrating detail of features for releasing the bottle;

FIGS. 26 and 27 are side central-section views of the carbonating system illustrating operation of the gas release mechanism and bung valve;

FIGS. 28 and 29 are side central-section views of the bung valve illustrating action of the gas release mechanism;

FIGS. 30A and 30B show the bung valve and gas release mechanism in cross-section, seen in perspective view, during gassing and at rest, respectively;

FIGS. 31A and 31B are enlarged views of the bung valve from FIGS. 30A and 30B;

FIG. 32 is a rear perspective view of a pressure relief valve;

FIG. 33 is a rear perspective view of pressure relief valves and valve actuator; and

FIGS. 34A-34D are side cross-sectional views of a pressure relief valve illustrating operation step-by-step.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A carbonation apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in front perspective view in FIG. 1 . The carbonation apparatus 10 has an upright chassis 12 supported on a base 14 and is suited to stand on a home kitchen benchtop, for instance. The rear of the chassis is adapted to receive a pressurized gas canister 16 containing carbon dioxide gas under pressure. The gas canister 16, when fitted to the apparatus, supplies pressurized carbon dioxide gas to a carbonating system 20 supported by the chassis at the top of the apparatus. Although not seen in the drawings, in a commercial form the carbonation apparatus may have covers shielding the top and rear thereof (e.g. the gas canister and the workings of the carbonating system) for improved safety and appearance.

The purpose of the carbonation apparatus 10 is to allow a user, in a home environment for example, to create carbonated water (or water based beverage) in a vessel such as bottle 30. The bottle 30 can be made of plastic or other suitable material able to withstand the pressure of gas injection. At its top the bottle 30 has a rim 31 defining a bottle mouth opening 32. On the neck of the bottle below the rim is a screw-thread formation provided to allow a cap (not shown) to be secured to seal the mouth opening. Below the screw-thread is a ring-shaped flange 34 that extends around the circumference of the neck and can be used to support the bottle.

The carbonating system 20 has left and right chassis side plates 18A, 18B fixedly mounted at the top of the carbonation apparatus chassis, overhanging the base 14. The vertical spacing between the carbonating system 20 and the base 14 is sufficient to allow the bottle 30 to be inserted therein, as seen in FIG. 2A for example. Supported between the chassis plates 18, the carbonating system has two main assemblies—a bottle interface assembly 100, and a valve assembly 200 (not visible in FIG. 1 ). The purpose of the bottle interface assembly 100 is to engage with the bottle mouth and supply gas into the bottle from the pressurized gas canister, and to allow the bottle to be selectively released from the apparatus when the operation is complete. The primary purpose of the valve assembly 200 is to vent pressurized gas as appropriate to ensure safe operation of the apparatus. Conduits (not shown) convey gas from an outlet of the pressurized gas canister 16 to the bottle interface assembly 100 and the valve assembly 200.

The carbonating system 20 can be seen in relation to the pressurized gas canister 16 in FIG. 3 , shown in rear perspective view with the chassis removed. Above the gas canister 16 components of a gas release mechanism 300 can be seen, which are not shown in FIG. 1 . These include a gas button 310 which, in use, is depressed by the used to release gas from the canister to carbonate liquid in the bottle 30.

Parts of the bottle interface assembly 100 and valve assembly 200 are seen in isolation in FIG. 4 , with the bottle interface assembly components shown in a first, resting configuration. The connection housing 110 has four downwardly extending collar slide posts 112 arranged symmetrically around a downwardly extending nozzle 102. In use of the apparatus pressurized gas is supplied into the bottle through the nozzle 102. A sliding collar 120 is mounted on the slide posts 112 through respective apertures, with collar compression springs 113 arranged between surfaces of the connection housing 110 and sliding collar 120. The sliding collar 120 has a hollow central section, open at the bottom with the nozzle at its centre. Positioned within the sliding collar is a catch ring 130 that is fixed to the connection housing 110. In this first configuration, the collar 120 is in an upper position towards the connection housing, and the collar springs 113 are compressed.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are front perspective views illustrating the bottle interface assembly and valve assembly, components of the carbonating system supported between the chassis side plates 18A, 18B in isolation, with the chassis side plates shown in transparency. The bottle interface assembly 100 is supported for pivotal movement by pivot rods 111 that extend from the connection housing 110. The valve assembly 200 is attached to the connection housing 110 and pivots therewith, in use, relative to the chassis and valve actuator 160. FIG. 5 shows the bottle interface assembly 100 in its resting, vertical configuration and FIG. 6 shows the bottle interface assembly 100 in a second, tilted configuration.

The bottle interface assembly 100 and valve assembly 200 are seen in isolation in FIG. 5 , with the bottle interface assembly shown in the first, resting configuration. As seen, the connection housing 110 has four downwardly extending collar slide posts 112 arranged symmetrically around a downwardly extending nozzle 102. In use of the apparatus pressurized gas is supplied into the bottle through the nozzle 102. A sliding collar 120 is mounted on the slide posts 112 through respective apertures, with collar springs 113 arranged between surfaces of the connection housing 110 and sliding collar 120. The sliding collar 120 has a hollow central section, open at the bottom with the nozzle at its centre. Positioned within the sliding collar is a catch ring 130 that is fixed to the connection housing 110. The bottle interface assembly 100 is pivotable with respect to the rest of the apparatus about an axis aligned with the pivot rods 111. FIG. 6 illustrates the bottle interface assembly 100 in the second, tilted configuration.

The aforementioned catch ring component 130 is shown in isolation in FIG. 7 . The primary function of the catch ring 130 is to grasp and hold the bottle 30 during operation of the apparatus. The catch ring 130 has a generally cylindrical body portion 131 with an outwardly extending flange 132 at the top that is used to secure the catch ring to the connection housing 110. Disposed on opposite sides of the body portion 131 are sprung plunger apertures 133 the purpose of which is described further below. A plurality of catch legs 134 are arranged around the circumference and project downwardly from the body portion 131. The catch legs 134 have radial flexibility and are splayed outwardly in their resting configuration such that the lower ends thereof are outside the diameter of the body portion 131.

The general manner of operation of the carbonation apparatus 10 by the user is explained hereinbelow with reference to FIGS. 2A-2H which show the procedure step-by-step. Firstly the user positions the bottle 30 (containing water or other liquid desired to be carbonated) beneath the bottle interface assembly 100 with the nozzle 102 aligned generally central in the bottle mouth opening 32. The user may temporarily rest the bottle 30 on the base 14 of the apparatus (FIG. 2A), although that is not a requirement. The user then lifts the bottle 30 vertically upwards as indicated by arrow 2 in FIG. 2B. By doing so the nozzle 102 enters the bottle mouth, and the neck of the bottle is received into the central opening of the catch ring 130, surrounded by the catch legs 134. This places the bottle in position to be engaged by the bottle interface assembly 100, in a manner explained below.

FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view through the carbonation system illustrating a first aspect of the bottle retention mechanism. As previously described, the sliding collar 120 is mounted for sliding movement relative to the connection housing 110 and catch ring 130 on slide posts 112. Movement of the sliding collar is governed by two radially oriented sprung plungers 140 mounted in the sliding collar and arranged to opposite sides of the apparatus that interact with the sprung plunger apertures 133 in the catch ring 130. The plungers 140 are biased inwardly by respective plunger springs 141 that act between the plunger and the sliding collar whereby the plungers 140 in a resting condition have an inner end 142 that projects into the respective plunger aperture 133. When in this condition, as seen in FIG. 8 , relative movement between the catch ring 130 and sliding collar is prevented. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of one of the plunger components 140 from FIG. 8 , seen sectioned from an angle (not showing the respective spring). As seen, the inner end 142 of the plunger projects into the wall 131 of the catch ring, and an outer end 143 of the plunger 140 projects outwardly from a surface of the sliding collar. In this condition the sliding collar 120 is toward the top of its sliding motion range, and is prevented from sliding downwards as urged by springs 113 by the engagement of the plungers 140 with the catch ring 130.

FIGS. 10A-10D are front cross-sectional views of the bottle interface assembly, showing step-by-step the manner in which the sliding collar 120 is unlocked by insertion of a bottle neck. As explained above, in use of the apparatus the user lifts the bottle neck into the centre of the catch ring 130 (FIG. 2B). FIG. 10A shows the interface assembly 100 before the bottle is inserted, representing a similar view as seen in FIG. 8 , although in this case the collar springs 113 are shown, acting between the connection housing 110 and the sliding collar 120. Despite the force exerted by the collar springs 113, the sliding collar is held in this upper position by the plungers 140. When the user lifts the bottle upwards the bottle neck is guided toward the centre of the catch ring by ribs 121 on the sliding collar 120 located between the catch legs (FIG. 4B). The connection housing 110 has a mouth tube 114 that enters the mouth 32 of the bottle 30 as the user lifts the bottle into position (the nozzle 102 projects downwardly through the centre of the mouth tube 114 but is not shown in these Figures). Referring to FIG. 10B, as the bottle 30 is lifted upward the bottle rim 31 engages the inner end 142 of the plungers 140, pressing the plungers 140 outwardly against the bias of springs 141. The plunger inner end 142 has a frustoconical shape providing a sloped surface for engagement with the bottle rim 31. As the bottle rim pushes the plungers out from the apertures 133 in the sides of the catch ring, the edges of those apertures is able to bear on the frustoconical sloped surface of the plunger inner ends, whereby forces exerted by the collar springs 113 act to push the sliding collar 120 downwardly, further pressing the plungers 140 out (FIG. 10C). With the plungers 140 disengaged from the catch ring 130, the sliding collar 120 is pushed by the springs 113 to the lower extent of its relative sliding movement which is seen in FIG. 10D.

FIGS. 11A and 11B show the catch ring 130 in isolation in relation to the bottle neck for the purposes of illustrating the manner in which the catch ring legs 134 grasp the bottle neck flange 34, in use, by action of the sliding collar 120. FIG. 11A shows the configuration of the catch ring 130 while the collar 120 is held in its upper position by the plungers 140. The catch legs 134 are positioned around the bottle neck, with a small clearance between the ends of the legs 134 and the neck flange 34. When the collar 120 is allowed to slide downwardly, ledges on the inside end portions of legs 134 lock underneath the flange 34 in a way that is described in greater detail hereinbelow. This holds the bottle in place with the bottle rim sealed against a gasket 129 (not shown in these Figures).

FIG. 12 illustrates the bottle interface assembly 100 when it is engaged with a bottle 30. The plunger 140 is clear of the aperture 133 in the side of the catch ring 130, allowing the collar 120 to descend to its lower position by action of the springs 113. Although not seen in this drawing, inward facing surfaces of the collar 120 bear against the outer surfaces of the ends of the catch legs 134, forcing the catch legs to engage underneath the bottle neck flange 34 as seen in FIG. 11B.

Features of the catch ring 130 are shown in greater detail in FIGS. 13 to 16 . FIG. 13 shows the catch ring 130 in upper perspective view, FIG. 14 is a cut-away view showing just the catch legs 134, FIG. 15 is an underside view of the catch ring, and FIG. 16 contains two section views of the catch legs engaging with the bottle neck flange 34. Of note here is that the catch ring legs 134 comprise two different types of flexible catches. Two of the six catch ring legs 134 are pulling catches 135 and the other four are holding catches 136. The legs having the pulling catches 135 are positioned to the front and rear of the catch ring 130 as found in the apparatus, and the legs having holding catches are located in pairs to each side of the pulling catch legs.

As can be seen from the sectional views shown in FIG. 16 , the pulling catch legs 135 and holding catch legs 136 have different end profiles. The left hand side of FIG. 16 shows the pulling catch 135 which has a downward sloping inwardly facing surface 137. In use, as the sliding collar descends and forces the catch legs inwardly, this sloping surface bears against the lower edge of the bottle neck flange 34 and helps to pull the bottle upwards, Once the bottle has been drawn up to where the rim 31 is pressed against the sealing flange 129, the holding catch legs engage underneath the flange 34 by way of a ledge formation 138, as shown in the right hand side of FIG. 16 .

FIGS. 17A and 17B are front cross-sectional views through the interface assembly 100 illustrating action to pull the bottle neck into an engaged position by way of the pulling catches 135. FIG. 17A shows the sliding collar 120 travelling downwards, as would be the case when the user inserts the bottle into the apparatus. The flexible pulling catch legs 135 are splayed outwardly to allow the bottle neck to be inserted and the surfaces 137 have a pronounced downward slope, facing inwardly. The outward splay of the pulling catch leg 135 is accommodated by a recess in the lower portion of the sliding collar defined by angled surface 125 (FIG. 17A). As the collar 120 descends, the catch legs 135 are pressed inwardly by the interior surface 124 above the angled surface 125 (FIG. 17B). This forces the sloping surface 137 on the end of the pulling catch inwardly, and the sloping surface bearing on the outer edge of the flange 34 pulls the bottle up.

FIGS. 18A and 18B are cross-sectional views through the interface assembly 100 illustrating action to hold the bottle neck in an engaged position by way of the holding catches 136. The overall action is similar to that described above in relation to the pulling catches, however the corresponding angled surfaces 126 have a shallower angle so that, as the collar 120 descends, the holding catches 136 are pressed inwardly later than the pulling catches. Thus, during the action of the collar descending the pulling catches 135 engage with the flange 34 first, pulling the bottle up into position before the holding catches 136 engage to secure the bottle in the sealed position. Once the sliding collar 120 has reached its lower position it is held there by force of the springs 113, thereby holding the catch ring legs in engagement with the bottle neck flange. The sliding collar 120 can only be raised by selected action by the user, in a manner described below.

FIG. 2C shows the carbonation apparatus 10 with the bottle 30 engaged with the interface assembly 100, as explained above. When the apparatus and bottle are so configured, the user can activate the gas button 310 to release pressurized gas into the bottle through the nozzle 102. As the user releases the gassing button, a valve opens and allows the bottle to depressurise between gassing instances. Salient details of the gas release mechanism and associated valve assembly are explained further below. Following the carbonation procedure, the user can remove the bottle from the apparatus by grasping and pivoting the bottom of the bottle toward the front as generally indicated by arrow 3 in FIG. 2D. At this stage the bottle neck is still held by the catch ring, and the bottle interface assembly 100 itself pivots on the pivot rods 111. In this process, features provided on the sliding collar 120 interact with features provided on the chassis side plates 18 that force the collar towards its upper position in order to release the bottle neck. These features are described below with reference to FIGS. 20 to 23 .

FIGS. 20 and 21 are front perspective and side views, respectively, of the bottle interface assembly, with chassis side plates shown in transparency, illustrating features for releasing the bottle from the apparatus. FIGS. 22A-22C are front perspective views of the bottle interface assembly illustrating step-by-step operation of features for releasing the bottle, and FIGS. 23A-23C are corresponding side views of the bottle interface assembly illustrating the step-by-step release operation.

Each side of the sliding collar 120 has a projecting latch pin 122 (seen also in FIG. 4 , for example). FIGS. 22A and 23A show the apparatus with the bottle in a vertical orientation with the bottle neck engaged and collar in its lower position. To release the bottle from the apparatus the sliding collar 120 needs to be moved back up, against the bias of springs 113, to allow the catch ring 130 to return to its open configuration. While the user pivots the bottle towards them, the latch pins 122 bear upon ramping surfaces 153 on the inside faces of the chassis side plates 18, with the effect of pushing the collar 120 toward its upper position (FIGS. 22B and 23B). The user continues to pivot the bottle to an angle of 25 degrees (as seen in FIG. 2E), while the collar 120 is pushed upwards (FIGS. 22C and 23C). Two flexible catches 151, 152 are also provided on each of the chassis side plates. The first flexible catch 151 is configured to engage with the latch pin 122 to ensure the collar 120 cannot move back down when it reaches the end of the pivot. The second flexible catch 152 is configured to prevent the interface assembly from pivoting movement while the collar is in its upper position.

Once the interface assembly 100 has reached approximately a 25 degree pivot angle, the collar 120 is at its upper position and the catch ring legs have opened to release the bottle neck flange 34. The user can then remove the bottle from the apparatus, however in practice the user may allow the bottle to fall back slightly (5 degrees). At this point the outer ends 143 of the plungers 140 hit respective stop ledges 154 on the chassis side plates 18, illustrated in FIGS. 24A and 24B. In particular, FIG. 24A shows the bottle and interface assembly pivoted to its maximum extent of about 25 degrees. FIG. 24B illustrates the bottle and interface assembly when the bottle has been allowed to fall back to a pivot angle of about 20 degrees, wherein the outer end 143 of the plunger hits the stop ledge 154. The interface assembly cannot pivot back any further while the plungers 140 are in their outer positions, and in order for the plungers to return to their inner positions the bottle must be removed from the apparatus. The central cross-sectional view seen in FIG. 25 illustrates the plunger 140 held between the stop ledge 154 and the bottle rim 31, whereby the plunger cannot clear the stop ledge until the bottle is removed. After the bottle has been removed and the plungers 140 have locked into the catch ring again, the pivoting assembly can swing back to its upright position, by action of the torsion spring 115, which is biased to move the interface assembly to its vertical resting position. This movement is slowed by a one-way rotary damper 150 attached to the valve assembly, which engages with teeth on the valve actuator component as seen in FIGS. 5 and 6 .

Features of the valve assembly 200 and associated componentry are shown in FIGS. 26 to 34 and described below.

The valve assembly 200 has a bottle pressure control valve (‘bung’ valve) 220, the operation of which is explained with reference to FIGS. 26 to 31 . FIG. 26 shows the carbonating system 20 in side cross-section with a bottle engaged in the bottle interface assembly. The valve actuator 160 supports a pivot push component 250 that has a lobe positioned between the front 312 of the gassing button 310 and the plunger 221 of bung valve 220. Thus, when the user depresses the gassing button, the gassing button bears on the pivoting lobe 250 which closes the bung valve. When the user releases the gassing button, it will move back to the horizontal position and the bung valve will be able to open again. When the bung valve opens it allows air into a chamber 211 within the valve housing 210, de-pressurising the gas system every time the button is released.

The pivoting lobe 250 that serves to close the bung valve 220 during gassing also operates to prevent the bottle interface assembly 100 from pivoting while the gas button 310 is depressed. In particular, while the gas button 310 is depressed the bearing surface 251 of the pivoting lobe 250 extends partially beneath a portion 212 of the valve housing 210 (FIGS. 26 and 28 ). This arrangement prevents the valve housing, and bottle interface assembly as a whole, from pivoting as required to release the bottle. Since the bottle interface assembly is unable to pivot, the bottle cannot be removed, purposefully or inadvertently, from the apparatus during gassing. When the gas button is released the lobe 250 no longer obstructs movement of the valve housing portion 212, allowing the bottle interface assembly to tilt as seen in FIG. 27 .

FIGS. 31A and 31B are enlarged cross-sectional views of the bung valve 220 and associated components illustrating its operation according to an embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment shown the bung valve plunger 221 comprises a plunger shaft 222 and a bung 223 between which is provided a compression spring 224. In the resting configuration seen in FIG. 31A the bung 223 is pressed lightly against the seat of the valve 220 by the spring 224. During gassing (FIG. 31B) the gas button 310 is depressed causing the front portion 312 thereof to bear against the pivot push component 250 which in turn bears against the end of the plunger shaft 222. As a result the compression spring 224 forces the bung 223 against the valve seat to close the bung valve 220. Inclusion of the spring 224 allows forceful compression of bung against the valve seat as the gas lever is depressed, not just at the end of travel. Upon release of the gas lever the pressurised system is able to overcome the force of spring 224 and push the bung 223 away from the valve seat, allowing a path 225 for gas to release into the valve chamber through a small hole 226.

The apparatus according to embodiments of the invention further includes two pressure relief valves 230. The action of the user tilting the bottle to release it from the apparatus also opens the pressure relief valves 230, which is illustrated in progression in FIGS. 34A-34D. Each pressure relief valve 230 has a plunger 231 that extends to the rear of the apparatus, terminating in a stem with a toggle 232 (best seen in FIG. 32 ). The stem extends through a slot 165 in the rear wall 166 of the valve actuator 160 (FIG. 33 ). The wall 166 is contoured to operate as a cam surface against which the toggle 232 bears. As the bottle is tilted by the user the valve housing 210 pivots relative to the valve actuator 160 and the cam action pulls the valve plunger 231 opening the valve 230. When the valve 230 is open the chamber 211 within the valve housing is in fluid communication with the space within the bottle. Any ejected liquid can collect in the chamber and then drain to the base of the apparatus through a drainage tube 260.

The structure and implementation of embodiments of the invention has been described by way of non-limiting example only, and many additional modifications and variations may be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described.

Any discussion of documents, devices, acts or knowledge in this specification is included to explain the context of the invention. It should not be taken as an admission that any of the material forms part of the prior art base or common general knowledge in the relevant art in Australia or elsewhere on or before the priority date of the disclosure and claims herein.

Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word “comprise”, and variations such as “comprises” and “comprising”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps. 

1. A beverage carbonation apparatus having a spring loaded bottle mounting mechanism to catch and hold an upright bottle when inserted therein and form an operative seal for carbonation, the bottle mounting mechanism being pivotable to release the bottle and reset the loading spring.
 2. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mounting mechanism includes a catching device arranged around a bottle mouth seal, the catching device having catch legs adapted to catch underneath a flange of the upright bottle.
 3. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the mounting mechanism includes a collar arranged around the catching device and mounted for slideable movement relative to the catching device.
 4. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the collar acts upon the catching device and is moveable between a first position in which the catch legs of the catching device are open to receive the bottle, and a second position in which the catch legs are fastened underneath the bottle flange, in use.
 5. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein loading spring comprises at least one collar spring acting on the collar to bias the collar toward the first position.
 6. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 5, including at least one latch pin engageable with the collar, wherein insertion of the mouth of the upright bottle toward the seal causes the latch pin to release the collar for movement to the second position by action of the at least one collar spring.
 7. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the catching device includes a plurality of downwardly extending catch legs arranged around the bottle flange, in use.
 8. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein each of the catch legs has an inward projection adapted to extend underneath the bottle flange, the catch leg projections being held underneath the bottle flange to maintain the operative seal and prevent removal of the bottle while the collar is in the second position.
 9. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the catch legs comprise a plurality of pulling catches and a plurality of holding catches, the pulling catches and holding catches having differently shaped projections, wherein the pulling catches are adapted to engage with the bottle flange and pull the bottle toward the seal during movement of the collar from the first position to the second position.
 10. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein each of the catch legs is connected to the catching device by a flexible leg portion resiliently biased outwardly.
 11. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the mounting mechanism includes a connection housing that supports the bottle mouth seal, catching device and collar, the connection housing being pivotally mounted to a chassis of the apparatus.
 12. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the collar has a loading spring reset projection that engages with a surface fixed in relation to the chassis to drive the collar from the second position toward the first position when the bottle mounting mechanism is pivoted relative to the chassis.
 13. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a valve assembly supported by the connection housing, the valve assembly including pressurised gas release and relief valves.
 14. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the valve assembly includes a pressure relief valve having a plunger that extends under pressure, the relief valve plunger being arranged prevent the bottle mounting mechanism being pivoted to release the bottle while the plunger is extended.
 15. A beverage carbonation apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the valve assembly includes a user operable gas release mechanism to, in use, release pressurised gas into the bottle, the gas release mechanism being coupled to a normally open bung valve such that the bung valve is forced closed only when gas release mechanism is operated by the user.
 16. A mechanism for mounting a bottle to a pressurised gas carbonation system, comprising a catching device arranged around a bottle mouth seal; a fastening collar arranged around the catching device and slidably moveable relative to the catching device; and a latch pin engageable with the collar; wherein insertion of the mouth of an upright bottle toward the seal causes the latch pin to release the fastening collar for movement relative to the catching device. 